INDIAN POLITY: Historical Background Part -1 (With Mind Map and PDF)
COMPANY RAJ (1757-1857)
After the battle of Buxar in 1764, the East India Company established itself as the biggest power in India. While its officers made fortunes through unfair trade practices and gifts, the company accounted losses. This compelled the Parliament in London to take matters into its own hand and regulate the administration of the company and subsequently the administration of India. The company’s relation with the British government was based on the ‘Royal Charter’ granted to it in 1600. Thereby, the series of acts passed by the British Parliament to regulate the affairs of the company came to be known as the ‘Regulating Acts’ or ‘Charter Acts’. The company implemented the conditions of the act in order to enjoy the benefits of the Charter.
There were a total of 5 Charter Acts from 1773 to 1853, one every 20 years. In between there were other acts passed like the Pitt’s India Act of 1784 to make minor changes to the provisions of the Charter.
After the revolt of 1857, the British Parliament took over the administration of India from the hands of the East India Company and started to directly administer the nation. The period from the battle of Plassey (1757) to the revolt of 1857 is termed as the Company Raj. From 1857 till independence in 1947, the country was said to be under the ‘Crown Raj’.
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